In the event of different circumstances representing a disorder of the testicle or seminal duct, the organism reacts by producing elements called antibodies which act against the sperm. Examples of this are the obstruction of the seminal duct with the emergence of sperm outside of same and the inflammation (orchitis) or tumour of the testicle. The antibodies may alter the seminal plasma (liquid which accompanies the sperm), as well as the mobility or the fertilising capability of the sperm.
There are no treatments for the sperm, although occasionally one might try corticosteroids. When the sperm disorders are significant the possibility of proceeding with assisted reproduction techniques should be considered. The methodology for the preparation of the sperm in order to apply these techniques permits, in part, the separating out of the anti-sperm antibodies.